Posts by Neena Bhandari

Waste to wealth with new generation nanocatalyst

By Neena Bhandari

Sydney, 05.11.2020 (SciDev.Net): Researchers have developed a new and cheaper method of recycling used cooking oil and agricultural waste into biodiesel, which also has the potential to efficiently convert food scraps, micro-plastics and old tyres into valuable molecules used in medicines, fertilisers and biodegradable packaging.

The findings of the research, an international collaboration led by RMIT University in Melbourne (Australia) published 26 October in Nature Catalysis, point to the multifunctional properties of the new and more efficient catalyst, a highly porous, micron-sized ceramic sponge that contains different specialised active components that accelerate chemical reactions. Molecules enter the sponge through large pores, where they undergo the first chemical reaction, and then pass into smaller pores to undergo the second reaction with the help of nanoparticles.

“Biodiesel is currently manufactured using soluble catalysts (substances that accelerate chemical reactions). These are difficult to recover (for reuse) from the fuel product, can corrode engines and are rapidly ‘poisoned’ by contaminants present in the oil feedstocks,” says Adam Lee, co-lead investigator and professor of sustainable chemistry at RMIT University.

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Air pollution a co-factor in COVID-19 mortality

By Neena Bhandari

Sydney, 03.11.2020 (SciDev.Net): Long-term exposure to air pollution generated by human activity is linked to about 27 per cent of COVID-19 related deaths in East Asia, and 15 per cent mortality in South Asia and worldwide. These deaths could be largely prevented by adopting air quality regulations, says a new study.

Published in Cardiovascular Research on 27 October, the study estimates for each country the proportion of deaths from coronavirus that could be attributed to anthropogenic pollution.

Ninety-one per cent of the world’s population lives in places where air quality exceeds the World Health Organisation guideline limits. Around 2.3 billion people in the Asia Pacific region, which has some of the highest recorded levels of air pollution, are exposed to air pollution levels several times the WHO guideline for safe air.

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© Copyright Neena Bhandari. All rights reserved. Republication, copying or using information from neenabhandari.com content is expressly prohibited without the permission of the writer and the media outlet syndicating or publishing the article.

Mimicked red algae enzyme has potential to improve crop production

By Neena Bhandari

Sydney, 05.10.2020 (SciDev.Net): Australian scientists have discovered a way to engineer more efficient versions of the plant enzyme Rubisco by using a red algae-like Rubisco from a bacterium, which has the potential to improve production of crops like sorghum, wheat and rice in the Asia Pacific region and the world.

The research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) on 29th September 2020, aims to improve the process of photosynthesis to increase growth and yield of major crops.

Rubisco (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase), the most abundant enzyme on earth, performs the carbon dioxide fixing step of photosynthesis and its slow activity often limits the growth rate of plants. The Rubisco from red algae and Rhodobacter sphaeroides, a kind of purple bacterium that can obtain energy through photosynthesis, share a common lineage, say researchers.

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© Copyright Neena Bhandari. All rights reserved. Republication, copying or using information from neenabhandari.com content is expressly prohibited without the permission of the writer and the media outlet syndicating or publishing the article.